James ingram



JAMES iNennM, or NEW Yoniclf N. Y;

Lerma Parent No. 75,549, ma Mal-@h 17, 1868.

. IMPROVEMENT Inv rames.

tite. Stretta aferra tu it that tettets rtmt 2mn lmatting pnl tf tip rame.

To ALL wnoM IT MAY ooNcERN;

Be it known that I, JAMES INGBAM, of the city and State of New York, have iiiventd, made, and applied I to use a certain ne'w and useful Improvement in Privies; and I do hereby declare the following to be' a full,

clear, and exact description of the said invention, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making part of this specification, wherein-- u Figure 1 isa plan of the said privy-vault or sink.A

Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section ofthe same; and

Figure 3 vis a sectional plan at the line :e x.

Similar m'arks of reference denote the same parts. y l

In large cities the sanitary regulations often render itimperative that the privies be connected with the sewer, in order thatthe accumulation of soil'may be prevented', and the consequent injury to health from the eiiiuvia be' avoided. In the privy-vaults heretofore constructed of this' character, the water from the leaders and gutters has been led intoY the vaulttowash the same out, and the escape-pipe to the sewer has been formed -with an elbow turning downwards. In this construction the vault has been made of brick or stonefwork, and

cemented, because the size of the same was suchv that a single castiron sink could not be employed, and was diiiicult or almost impossible to cast. Besides this the escape-pipe was liable to become choked or obstructed by floating substances-and refuse materials thrown into the vault. Gratings employed sometimes to prevent large obstructions entering the escape or sewer-pipe become choked with paper, old rags, and other substances that accumulate in the openings. l l v Imake use of a privy-vault or sinl: formed with a'rounding bottom so that there will not be any angle's in which offensive matters can accumulate, and made two or more sections of cast iron, bolted or. otherwise connected together, water-tight, and combined with an overflow-trap pipe, so .that the diiculties resulting from leakage and the costlymasonworkv heretofore used are avoided.

y My inventionV consists of a grating-clearer, that is constructed so that substances that lodge against or partially Venter the grating, and would obstruct the same,'arc removed therefrom. The movement that is given to said clearer by a handle in the privy, causes such lightrarticles as paper and rag to be torn up sufficiently small to prevent obstruction to the grating ,or to the sewer-pipe.

In the drawing, a' and b are the halves of the privy-vault or sink, ot the desired size, rounded at the ends and bottomso as to avoid angles as aforesaid, and these halves or sections are bolted or attached together, c is thc pipe leading in -the water from the gutters or drains, that serves to wash out the privy in times of-rain. el is the inverted elbowthat forms the end of the'overilow or semer-pipe. The end of this being downwards, prevents the escape of smell from the-sewer, as they water in the vault covers the end, as shown. e is a grating of vertical bars, united together by-bars 2, and formed into a' dome-shape over the piped, where the grating is4 `attaehed'by a bolt or similar fastening The bottom ends of'one'or two of these bars c should enter cavities in the metal vault-plate b, so as to render them Avery firmly sustained in position. -T hese bars e should be made I angular, as shown in iig. 3,'so that there will be no opportunity for hard substances tocntei and wedge between them; My clearcrfis formed of a sliding frame connected to the bars e by rings b, so that thewhole frame may befsli'd up o1' down by a rod,j`, and handle that passes through theiloor g of the privy. The vertical portions lof said clearer are formed as half pipes z, pointed at the iipper end to lift anything 'off that may have lodged upon the upper portion of the grating e, and o are curved and co-ncave bars passing from oneof the half pipes v to the other, and in such close proximity to the bars'e as to remove anysubstances that might obstruct the grating. The extent of motion is limited by the stop 4. i

Itwillnow be understood that the handlef, projecting through the privy Hoor, will be frequently drawn up and pushed down by persons, particularly children visiting the privy, and thereby the escape-way be kept clear.

`What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v A sliding clearer, combined with a stationary 4grating in a privy-vault or sink, for thepurposes and sub stantially as set forth. p i

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my signature, this twenty-ninth day of August, A. D. 1867'.

JAMES INGRAM.-

Witnesses:

` Guo. Dennerle WALKER, i Gno. Taos. PINOKNEY. 

